The use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) for therapies is advantageous because of its ease of access, non-invasive collection procedures, and more plasticity for multi-differentiation. UCB contains a large source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that are capab…

Marginal zone lymphoma is a rare, slowly progressing type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma initially treated with [rituximab] (an anti-CD20 drug), either alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Unfortunately, many patients experience a relapse or develop resistance…

Umeclidinium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) used as a maintenance treatment for symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a progressive obstructive lung disease characterized by shortness of breath, cough, sputum product…

Umifenovir is an indole-based, hydrophobic, dual-acting direct antiviral/host-targeting agent used for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza and other respiratory infections.[A191475] It has been in use in Russia for approximately 25 years and in China s…

Undecylenate, or undecylenic acid, is an unsaturated fatty acid with a terminal double bond that is derived from castor oil. Undecylenic acid is also found naturally in the human sweat. It is used as a precursor in the manufacture of aromatic chemicals, polym…

Upadacitinib is an oral Janus kinase (JAK)1-selective inhibitor and a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis to slow down disease progression. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseas…

Upanovimab (SCTA01) was under investigation in clinical trials (NCT04683328, NCT04644185, NCT04709328 and NCT05156645) to evaluate its safety and efficacy in patients with severe COVID-19

Uric acid is the last product of purine metabolism in humans. The formation of uric acid is through the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which oxidizes oxypurines. Normally a small amount of uric acid is present in the body, but when there is an excess amount in the …

A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of s…

Uridine triacetate, formerly known as vistonuridine, is an orally active prodrug of the naturally occurring nucleoside uridine. It is used for the treatment of hereditary orotic aciduria (Xuriden), or for the emergency treatment of fluorouracil or capecitabin…

Urolithin A is a metabolite of ellagic acid. It has been demonstrated to stimulate mitophagy and improve muscle health in old animals and in preclinical models of aging.[A179494]

Ustekinumab is a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin(IL)-12 and IL-23, which are cytokines that are involved in immune and inflammatory responses.[A187349] It was generated via recombinant human IL-12 immunizati…

Uteroglobin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01473264 (Safety, Pk and Anti-inflammatory Effects of CC10 Protein in Premature Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)).

V1003 is an intranasal formulation of buprenorphine, an opiate analgesic, for the management of post-operative pain in hospital and home settings. Buprenorphine is a well-known analgesic and the intranasal formulation has the potential to provide a convenient…

V116517 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01688947 (Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of V116517 in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Chronic Pain Due to Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN)).

The V590 vaccine was developed on Merck’s recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) platform that was previously used to develop its Ebola Zaire virus vaccine, ERVEBO®[A226818, L30573, L30578]. By teaming up with IAVI, Merk developed a vaccine that does n…

The V591 vaccine, part of Merck’s COVID-19 vaccine programming, was developed using a modified measles vaccine virus as a vector for COVID-19 antigen delivery[L30593]. Through Merck’s acquisition of Thermis in May 2020, they were able to leverage Thermis’ pla…

VA-MENGOC-BC is a meningococcal B and C vaccine and an outer membrane vesicle (OMV)-based vaccine. The OMVs contain over 100 proteins, and are derived from meningococcal group B and capsular polysaccharide of meningococcal group C. As there already exists a p…

Vaborbactam is a ?-lactamase inhibitor based on a cyclic boronic acid pharmacophore.[A32053] It has been used in trials investigating the treatment of bacterial infections in subjects with varying degrees of renal insufficiency. In August 2017, a combination …

One of the most common symptoms of advanced renal disease is anemia, caused primarily by the inability of the kidney to respond to anemic conditions with a corresponding increase in [erythropoietin] (EPO) production.[A244165] The treatment of anemia associate…

Vafidemstat is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03867253 (Testing the Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of the New Drug ORY-2001 in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease).

Valganciclovir hydrochloride (Valcyte, manufactured by Roche) is an antiviral medication used to treat cytomegalovirus infections. As the L-valyl ester of ganciclovir, it is actually a prodrug for ganciclovir. After oral administration, it is rapidly converte…

Valomaciclovir stearate is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00831103 (A Phase 2b Trial of EPB-348 for the Treatment of Herpes Zoster).

The 3-O-valine ester prodrug of the nucleoside analog 2'-C-methylcytidine with anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity. Upon administration, valopicitabine is converted into 2'-C-methylcytidine; upon phosphorylation into its 5-triphosphate form, this metabolite…

Valproic acid, or valproate, is an fatty acid derivative and anticonvulsant originally synthesized in 1881 by Beverly S. Burton.[A178051] It enjoyed use as a popular organic solvent in industry and pharmaceutical manufacturing for nearly a century. In 1963, a…

Valrubicin (N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate) is a chemotherapy drug commonly marketed under the trade name VALSTAR. It is a semisynthetic analog of the [doxorubicin], which is an anthracycline drug. Used in the treatment of the bladder cancer, valrub…

Valsartan belongs to the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) family of drugs, which also includes [telmisartan], [candesartan], [losartan], [olmesartan], and [irbesartan]. ARBs selectively bind to angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1) and prevent the protein angiote…

Vamorolone is a novel and fully synthetic glucocorticoid developed by Santhera Pharmaceuticals. It is used to manage inflammation and immune dysregulation in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a neuromuscular disorder characterized by the insidi…

Vamotinib (PF-114) is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02885766 (Study to Evaluate Tolerability, Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Preliminary Efficacy of PF-114 for Oral Administration in Adults With Ph+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Which is Resistant to the…

Vandetanib is an oral once-daily kinase inhibitor of tumour angiogenesis and tumour cell proliferation with the potential for use in a broad range of tumour types. On April 6 2011, vandetanib was approved by the FDA to treat nonresectable, locally advanced…

Vanoxerine is a highly selective dopamine transporter antagonist. It was synthesized in the late 1970s and developed as a potential treatment for depression.[A19824] Vanoxerine was later evaluated as a potential treatment for cocaine addiction due to its abil…

Varenicline is a prescription medication used to treat smoking addiction. This medication is the first approved nicotinic receptor partial agonist. Specifically, varenicline is a partial agonist of the alpha4/beta2 subtype of the nicotinic acetylcholine recep…

Live attenuated zoster vaccine is available as two products: Zostavax for the prevention of shingles in immunocompetent people over the age of 50, and Varivax for the prevention of chickenpox in individuals 12 months of age and older. While the two vaccines c…

Recombinant zoster vaccine, manufactured as the product Shingrix by GlaxoSmithKline, is an adjuvanted non-live recombinant vaccine indicated for prevention of shingles. First approved in October 2017 by the Food and Drug Administration, Shingrix is the prefer…

Vatelizumab has been used in trials studying the treatment of Ulcerative Colitis.

Vayarin is a prescription medical food for the clinical dietary management of certain lipid imbalances blamed to be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Vayarin contains _Lipirinen_, a proprietary composition containing…

Monoquaternary homolog of pancuronium. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as i…

Vedolizumab is a recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human lymphocyte ?4?7 integrin, a key mediator of gastrointestinal inflammation implicated in diseases like ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.[L48216] ?4?7 integrin facil…

Velafermin was a novel investigational protein therapeutic, also known as fibroblast growth factor-20 (FGF-20), which promotes both epithelial and mesenchymal cell proliferation in vitro and has demonstrated activity in multiple animal models. Velafermin was …

Velmanase alfa is a recombinant human lysosomal alpha-mannosidase developed for enzyme replacement therapy to treat alpha-mannosidosis. Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder. Patients with alpha-mannosidosis have a geneti…

Velpatasvir is a Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) medication used as part of combination therapy to treat chronic Hepatitis C, an infectious liver disease caused by infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus that is categorized in…

Velsecorat is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02479412 (A Multiple Dosing (14 Days) Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Three Dose Levels of AZD7594, Given Once Daily by Inhalation, in Patients With Mild to Moderate Asthma).

Vemurafenib is a competitive kinase inhibitor with activity against BRAF kinase with mutations like V600E.[A31269] It exerts its function by binding to the ATP-binding domain of the mutant BRAF.[A31270] Vemurafenib was co-developed by Roche and Plexxikon and …

Verapamil is a phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of high blood pressure, heart arrhythmias, and angina,[L8791] and was the first calcium channel antagonist to be introduced into therapy in the early 1960s.[A188514] It is a member …

Vercirnon is a novel, orally active anti-inflammatory agent that targets a chemokine receptor protein implicated in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, the two principal forms of IBD. It is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01611805 (Japanese …

Vernakalant was developed by Cardiome Pharma as as an antiarrhythmic drug intended for rapid conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. It acts as an atypical class III antiarrhythmic drug that potentiates its effect in higher heart rates. Intravenous…

Verteporfin, marketed as Visudyne, is a benzoporphyrin derivative comprising a 50:50 mixture of two isomers: [CL-315555] and [CL-315585]. It is used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy to eliminate abnormal blood vessels in wet form macular degenerat…

VERU-111, an investigational drug intended for various therapeutic uses, was under investigation in clinical trials NCT04842747, NCT03752099, NCT04388826, NCT04844749, NCT05008510, and NCT05079360. These trials aimed to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and tole…

Verubecestat is under investigation for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease, Prodromal Alzheimer's disease, and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Verubecestat is Merck’s investigational oral ?-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme (BACE1 or ? …

Antineoplastic; a small-molecule inhibitor of microtubule formation that is not a substrate for multidrug resistance pumps.