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Halaman 47 / 134Dibotermin alfa is a recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) derived from a recombinant Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell line [FDA Label]. It is implanted in patients undergoing bone surgeries or those with fractures. BMPs are subfamily of th…
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Dichloroacetic acid, often abbreviated DCA, is an acid analogue of acetic acid in which two of the three hydrogen atoms of the methyl group have been replaced by chlorine atoms. Salts of DCA are used as drugs since they inhibit the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogena…
Dichlorobenzyl alcohol is a mild antiseptic with a broad spectrum for bacterial and virus associated with mouth and throat infections.[A33047] Dichlorobenzyl alcohol is considered as an active ingredient found in several marketed OTC products by Health Canada…
Dichloroisoproterenol has been used in trials studying the treatment and basic science of Insulin Resistance and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Dichlorvos or 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate is a drug of the _organophosphate_ class, frequently used as an insecticide for the control of indoor pests and for the protection of stored products from insect infestations. The compound has been available…
Diclazuril is a coccidiostat.
Diclofenac is a phenylacetic acid derivative and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).[label] NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and-2 which are the enzyme responsible for producing prostaglandins (PGs). PGs contribute to inflammation and pain sign…
A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.
Herbicide for control of wild oat & foxtails in cereal crops.
One of the penicillins which is resistant to penicillinase.
Dicyclomine is a muscarinic M1, M3, and M2 receptor antagonist as well as a non-competitive inhibitor of histamine and bradykinin used to treat spasms of the intestines seen in functional bowel disorder and irritable bowel syndrome.[A6556,A182555,A234659,L796…
A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a…
Didesmethylrocaglamide is a naturally-occurring derivative of [rocaglamide] and belongs to a class of anti-cancer phytochemicals referred to as "rocaglamides" derived from plants of the genus _Aglaia_.[A186760] While traditionally used for their insecticidal …
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An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.
A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been…
Diethyltoluamide (DEET) is the common active ingredient in many insect repellent products. It is widely used to repel biting pests such as mosquitoes and ticks. Every year, DEET formulations are used to protect populations from mosquito-borne illnesses like W…
Diethyltryptamine (DET) is an orally active hallucinogenic agent and a substituted form of tryptamine.
Difelikefalin (CR845) is an agonist of kappa opioid receptors (KORs) useful in the treatment of pruritus secondary to chronic kidney disease. KORs were first associated with itching in 1984.[A237610] Further investigations revealed that dynorphins, endogenous…
Difenoxin is a 4-phenylpiperidine which is closely related to the opioid analgesic meperidine. Difenoxin alone is a USA Schedule I controlled drug, as it may be habit forming. However, it is listed as a Schedule IV controlled drug if combined with atropine, w…
Difloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone used in veterinary. As an antibacterial, it presents a broad bactericidal spectrum and its effects are dependent on its concentration. However, it presents a reduced efficacy when compared to other fluoroquinolone ant…
Diflunisal, a salicylate derivative, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA) with pharmacologic actions similar to other prototypical NSAIAs. Diflunisal possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity. Though its mechanism of action …
Difluprednate is a topical corticosteroid indicated for the treatment of infammation and pain associated with ocular surgery. It is a butyrate ester of 6(?), 9(?)-difluoro prednisolone acetate. Difluprednate is abbreviated DFBA, or difluoroprednisolone butyra…
Digoxin is one of the oldest cardiovascular medications used today.[A178225] It is a common agent used to manage atrial fibrillation and the symptoms of heart failure.[A178234] Digoxin is classified as a cardiac glycoside and was initially approved by the FDA…
Digoxin Immune Fab is a sheep antibody (26-10) FAB fragment from sheep immunized with the digoxin derivative Digoxindicarboxymethylamine. It is used as an antidote for overdose of digoxin.
A 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5.
Alpha-dihydroergocryptine is usually referred to the mixture of the alpha and beta dihydroergocryptine. These two compounds are differentiated in the position of a methyl group. This structural difference is due to a proteinogenic amino acid replacement from …
Dihydroergocornine is one of the dihydrogenated ergot compounds that present very large hypotensive effects.[A32962] It is an artificial derivative of the crude extract of ergot and later purified, ergocornine.[A32964] The formation of dihydroergocornine impl…
A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of [ergotamine]. Dihydroergotamine is used as an abortive therapy for migraines.[L38469] Its use has largely been supplanted by triptans in current therapy due to the class's greater selectivity and more favourable side effect p…
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Dihydrostreptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. In humans, the use of dihydrostreptomycin has been associated with ototoxicity. The FDA withdrew its approval for the use of all drug products containing dihydrostreptomycin sulfate.[L43942]
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Cardamonin (also known as Dihydroxymethoxychalcone), as shown by the increasing number of publications, has received growing attention from the scientific community due to the expectations toward its benefits to human health. Cardamonin's name comes from the …
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Dilmapimod has been used in trials studying the treatment and diagnostic of Nerve Trauma, Inflammation, Pain, Neuropathic, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, and Coronary Heart Disease, among others. Dilmapimod (SB-681323) is a p38 MAP-kinase inhibitor that has potential…
Dilpacimab is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03368859 (A Study of ABT-165 Plus FOLFIRI vs Bevacizumab Plus FOLFIRI in Subjects With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Previously Treated With Fluoropyrimidine, Oxaliplatin and Bevacizumab).
Diltiazem is a benzothiazepine derivative with antihypertensive and vasodilating properties. Approved in 1982 by the FDA, it is a member of the non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers drug class. It works through various mechanisms of action, but it prim…
Dimehydrinate was first described in the literature in 1949,[A233120] and patented in 1950.[L32995] Early research into dimenhydrinate focused on its role as an antihistamine for urticaria; the treatment of motion sickness was an accidental discovery.[A233130…
Dimenoxadol is an opioid analgesic which produces typical opioid effects such as analgesia and sedation. It is structurally similar to methadone and is a benzilic acid derivative. In the United States it is classified as a Schedule I controlled drug.
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Dimethicone is a silicone oil that is also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). It has viscoelastic properties. Dimethicone is used as a surfactant, antifoaming agent, carminative in various products such as medical devices, food products, and lubricants. It…
Dimethicone is a silicone-based polymer used as a moisturizer in different skin OTC products.[A32462] It is formed by repeated polymeric units of -(CH3)2SiO- with a terminal trimethyl siloxy unit.[L1769] It is currently recognized by the FDA as a skin protect…
Dimethyl fumarate is an agent indicated for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.[A253942,L43752] The mechanism of action of dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis is not well understood. It is thought to involve dimethyl fumarate degradati…