Pegaspargase is a conjugate of monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) and L-asparaginase (L-asparagine amidohydrolase), an asparagine-specific enzyme that converts L-asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia.[L44667] Asparagine is an amino acid that is vital f…

Pegcantratinib is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03448081 (Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of SNA-120 for Treatment of Pruritus and Psoriasis in Subjects Treated With Calcipotriene).

Pegcetacoplan is a complement inhibitor indicated in the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH).[A235000,L34095] Prior to its FDA approval, patients with PNH were typically treated with the C5 inhibiting monoclonal antibody [eculizumab].[A2350…

Pegfilgrastim is a PEGylated form of the recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) analogue, [filgrastim].[A187601] The drug is approved for use to decrease the incidence of infection, as manifested by febrile neutropenia, in susceptible…

Pegloticase is a porcine recombinant PEGylated uricase indicated for the treatment of chronic gout in adult patients that do not respond to other types of therapies.[L42425] Pegloticase has a similar activity to rasburicase, an enzyme that metabolizes uric ac…

Pegsitacianine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05576974 (A Phase 2a, Single-dose, Open-label Study to Evaluate Diagnostic Performance and Safety of Pegsitacianine, an Intraoperative Fluorescence Imaging Agent for the Detection of Cancer, in Patien…

Pegunigalsidase alfa (PRX-102) is a recombinant form of human ?-galactosidase-A indicated for long-term enzyme replacement therapy in patients with Fabry disease, a rare genetic disorder characterized by the deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A.[A259352,L46342…

Pegvaliase is a recombinant phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) enzyme derived from _Anabaena variabilis_ that converts phenylalanine to ammonia and _trans_-cinnamic acid [A33284]. Both the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency approve…

Peldesine is a potent inhibitor of human CCRF-CEM T-cell proliferation. It has undergone phase I trials for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections.

Pemafibrate is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03350165 (A Study of Pemafibrate in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)).

Pembrolizumab is a highly selective IgG4-kappa humanized monoclonal antibody against PD-1 receptors. It was generated by grafting the variable sequences of a very high-affinity mouse antihuman PD-1 antibody onto a human IgG4-kappa isotype containing a stabili…

Pemetrexed is a chemotherapy drug that is manufactured and marketed by Eli Lilly and Company under the brand name Alimta. It is indicated for use in combination with cisplatin for the treatment of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma whose disease is …

Pemigatinib is a small molecule kinase inhibitor with antitumour activity. It works by inhibiting fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), which are receptor tyrosine kinases that activate signalling pathways in tumour cells.[A193719] FGFRs gained attentio…

In 2005, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) withdrew approval for pemoline. In March 2005, Abbott Laboratories (Cylert marketer) had discontinued the production of Cylert arguing economic reasons.

Penbutolol is a drug in the beta-blocker class used to treat hypertension. Penbutolol binds both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors, rendering it a non-selective beta-blocker. Penbutolol can act as a partial agonist at beta adrenergic receptors, since it …

Penequinine, Penehyclidine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02644876 (Preventive Effects of Penehyclidine Hydrochloride Inhalation on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications).

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate is the nitrate ester of pentaerythritol that possesses explosive properties. When mixed with a plasticizer, this chemical forms a plastic explosive. It is recognized by the FDA to be a coronary vasodilator in the treatment of hear…

Pentaglobin, also known as IgM-enriched immunoglobulin, falls under a group of polyclonal immunoglobulin preparations.[A220173] It is comprised of [immunoglobulin G (IgG)](https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00028) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) while also being enri…

A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness…

A potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase. The drug is effective in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly hairy-cell leukemia. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.

Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a synthetic dimethylxanthine derivative that modulates the rheological properties of blood and also has both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.[A226415, L30300] Although originally developed to treat intermittent claudicati…

Pentoxyverine, also referred to as carbetapentane, is a non-opioid central acting antitussive with antimuscarinic, anticonvulsant [A32717], and local anesthetic properties. It is an active ingredient in over-the-counter cough suppressants in combination with …

Extracted from the stem, leaves, and flowers of _Mentha piperita_ L. plant, peppermint oil (Mentha piperita) is a popular essential oil used in aromatherapy for both external and internal use. Mentha piperita is a hybrid of spearmint (Mentha spicata) and wate…

Pepsin is a potent enzyme in gastric juice that digests proteins such as those in meat, eggs, seeds, and dairy products [L2358]. Studies on gastric digestion from 1820-1840 led to the discovery of pepsin as the substance which, in the presence of stomach a…

Perboric acid is mainly found in its salt form of sodium perborate and it can be found as a monohydrate or tetrahydrate.[A33037] It is one of the peroxy acid salts with very wide functionalities in industrial settings.[F66] Perboric acid in the form of sodium…

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Periciazine is a phenothiazine of the piperidine group. It has been shown to reduce pathologic arousal and affective tension in some psychotic patients, while the symptoms of abnormal mental integration are relatively unaffected. It is a sedative phenothiazin…

Perifosine is a novel alkylphospholipid with antiproliferative properties attributed to protein kinase B inhibition.

Perindopril is a nonsulfhydryl prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver to perindoprilat, its active metabolite, following oral administration. Perindoprilat is a po…

Perospirone is an atypical or second-generation antipsychotic of the azapirone family that antagonizes serotonin 5HT2A receptors and dopamine D2 receptors. It also displays affinity towards 5HT1A receptors as a partial agonist. Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma devel…

Pf 04418948 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01002963 (A Study To Investigate The Safety And Toleration Of A Single Dose Of PF-04418948 In Healthy Volunteers).

PF-05241328 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01165736 (To Calculate the Pharmacokinetics (Concentration of Compound in and Rate of Excretion From the Blood) Following a Very Low Dose of Compound Which Will Not Have Any Pharmacological Activity).

Pf 06273340 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01934738 (A Study to Evaluate Safety, Toleration and Time Course of Plasma Concentration of Multiple Oral Doses of PF-06273340 in Healthy Subjects of Two AgeGroups, Aged 18-55 Years (Group 1) and Aged 56…

PF-06821497 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03460977 (PF-06821497 Treatment Of Relapsed/Refractory SCLC, Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer, and Follicular Lymphoma).

PG-530742 selectively inhibits certain matrix metalloproteinases that have been implicated in the cartilage degradation that occurs in osteoarthritis. By inhibiting these MMPs, it potentially limits cartilage degradation and disease progression. Studies are c…

PHE885 is an investigational, autologous B-cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA)-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy.

Phenaridine (2,5-Dimethylfentanyl) is a synthetic fentanyl derivative opioid. It was developed in 1972, and is used for surgical anasthesia in Russia. Phenaridine has similar effects to fentanyl. In rat studies, it was less potent than fentanyl. Side effects …

Phenethyl Isothiocyanate has been used in trials studying the prevention and treatment of Leukemia, Lung Cancer, Tobacco Use Disorder, and Lymphoproliferative Disorders.

Pheniramine is a first-generation antihistamine in the alkylamine class, similar to [brompheniramine] and [chlorpheniramine].[A181628] It is used in some over-the-counter allergy as well as cold & flu products in combination with other drugs. Pheniramine's …

A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It promotes binding to inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid subtype receptors, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate indu…

Phenol is an antiseptic and disinfectant. It is active against a wide range of micro-organisms including some fungi and viruses, but is only slowly effective against spores. Phenol has been used to disinfect skin and to relieve itching. Phenol is also used as…

Phenolsulfonphthalein or otherwise called phenol red is a pH indicator commonly used in cell biology laboratories. Phenolsulfonphthalein is being investigated for use clinically due to its weak estrogen mimicking actions [A174964].

An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.

Phenoxyethanol is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. It is a glycol ether used as a perfume fixative, insect repellent, antiseptic, solvent, preservative, and also as an anesthetic in fish aquaculture. Phenoxyethanol is an ether alcohol with aromatic pr…

Phenoxymethylpenicillin is a narrow spectrum antibiotic also commonly referred to as Penicillin V or Penicillin VK.[A178609] It is a phenoxymethyl analog of Penicillin G, or [benzylpenicillin]. An orally active naturally penicillin, phenoxymethylpenicillin is…

Phenserine is under development by Axonyx, a US biopharmaceutical company that focuses on treatments for dementia. Phenserine is a next generation acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of AD. Unlike currently marketed AChE inhibito…

A drug that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It is especially effective in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. It also is useful in rheumatoid arthritis and Reiter's syndrome (investigational indication). Although phenylb…

Phenylbutyric acid is a fatty acid and a derivative of [butyric acid] naturally produced by colonic bacteria fermentation. It demonstrates a number of cellular and biological effects, such as relieving inflammation and acting as a chemical chaperone.[A249035]…

Phenylephrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist used to treat hypotension,[L9416,L9410] dilate the pupil,[L9413] and induce local vasoconstriction.[A187370] The action of phenylephrine, or neo-synephrine, was first described in literature in the 1930s…

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