Peldesine is a potent inhibitor of human CCRF-CEM T-cell proliferation. It has undergone phase I trials for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections.

Pembrolizumab is a highly selective IgG4-kappa humanized monoclonal antibody against PD-1 receptors. It was generated by grafting the variable sequences of a very high-affinity mouse antihuman PD-1 antibody onto a human IgG4-kappa isotype containing a stabili…

Pemetrexed is a chemotherapy drug that is manufactured and marketed by Eli Lilly and Company under the brand name Alimta. It is indicated for use in combination with cisplatin for the treatment of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma whose disease is …

Pemivibart (Pemgarda) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain.[L50326] It received emergency use authorization (EUA) from the FDA in March 2024 for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of COVID-19 in certa…

Pemtumomab is a murine monoclonal antibody radiolabeled with Yttrium-90. It targets the mucin 1 (MUC1) protein.

Penimepicycline is a tetracycline-class antibiotic. It is mentioned on List A produced by the Government of Canada, which is a list of antimicrobial active pharmaceutical ingredients [L2791]. In the classification of the active ingredients included on this li…

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate is the nitrate ester of pentaerythritol that possesses explosive properties. When mixed with a plasticizer, this chemical forms a plastic explosive. It is recognized by the FDA to be a coronary vasodilator in the treatment of hear…

Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.

Pentavalent Antimony has been investigated for the treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

A potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase. The drug is effective in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly hairy-cell leukemia. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.

PEP0101 is a nanocomplex consisting of elastin-like polypeptides and a small interfering RNA (siRNA) designed to down-regulate the expression of EVI1 oncogene in cancer cells.

Extracted from the stem, leaves, and flowers of _Mentha piperita_ L. plant, peppermint oil (Mentha piperita) is a popular essential oil used in aromatherapy for both external and internal use. Mentha piperita is a hybrid of spearmint (Mentha spicata) and wate…

Pepsin is a potent enzyme in gastric juice that digests proteins such as those in meat, eggs, seeds, and dairy products [L2358]. Studies on gastric digestion from 1820-1840 led to the discovery of pepsin as the substance which, in the presence of stomach a…

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Peptide YY (3-36), a synthetic human PYY 3-36, is a compound being evaluated for the treatment of obesity. It reduces appetite and increases satiety in obese patients.

Peramivir is an antiviral agent developed by Biocryst Pharmaceuticals to treat influenza A/B. The development of peramivir has been supported by the US Department of Health and Human Services as part of the government's effort to prepare for a flu pandemic. B…

Perenostobart is an alpha-CD39 IgG4 monoclonal antibody.

Peresolimab is under investigation in clinical trial NCT04634253 (A Study of LY3462817 in Participants With Rheumatoid Arthritis).

Pergolide is a long-acting dopamine agonist approved in 1982 for the treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. It is an ergot derivative that acts on the dopamine D2 and D3, alpha2- and alpha1-adrenergic, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors. It was indicated as …

Perospirone is an atypical or second-generation antipsychotic of the azapirone family that antagonizes serotonin 5HT2A receptors and dopamine D2 receptors. It also displays affinity towards 5HT1A receptors as a partial agonist. Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma devel…

Pertuzumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the extracellular dimerization domain (subdomain II) of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 protein (HER2). It consists of two heavy chains and two lights chains that have 448 and…

Pexelizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody used as an immunosuppressive drug. It is being investigated by Alexion Pharmaceuticals.

Phenazopyridine, also known as Pyridium, is a urinary tract analgesic used for the short-term management of urinary tract irritation and its associated unpleasant symptoms such as burning and pain during urination. In the USA, this drug was previously marked …

A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to ketamine in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacolo…

Pheniprazine is an irreversible and nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine chemical class that was used as an antidepressant in the 1960s. In addition, it was used for the treatment of other conditions, such as angina pectoris and sc…

Phenoxyethanol is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. It is a glycol ether used as a perfume fixative, insect repellent, antiseptic, solvent, preservative, and also as an anesthetic in fish aquaculture. Phenoxyethanol is an ether alcohol with aromatic pr…

Phentermine is a sympathomimetic amine anorectic agent and it was introduced in 1959 as part of an anti-obesity combination drug.[A174361, A174364] It is chemically related to amphetamine and it is commonly referred to as an atypical amphetamine.[A174370] Phe…

Phenyl salicylate is a 2-hydroxybenzoic acid phenyl ester. It is utilized in some manufacturing processes of polymers, lacquers, adhesives, waxes, as well as polishes. It is an active ingredient in some pharmaceutical products as a mild analgesic for pain rel…

Phenylacetic acid is an organic compound containing a phenyl functional group and a carboxylic acid functional group. It is a white solid with a disagreeable odor. Because it is used in the illicit production of phenylacetone (used in the manufacture of subst…

Phenyltoloxamine is an antihistamine drug with sedative and analgesic effects. It is a H1 receptor blocker and a member of the ethanolamine class of antihistaminergic drugs. It is available in combination products that also contain other analgesics and antitu…

Phloretin is a natural dihydrochalcone found in apples and many other fruits.

Phosphatidyl serine (PS) is a phospholipid nutrient found in fish, green leafy vegetables, soybeans and rice, and is essential for the normal functioning of neuronal cell membranes and activates Protein kinase C (PKC) which has been shown to be involved in me…

Phosphoric Acid is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing inorganic acid. Phosphoric acid is a sequestering agent which binds many divalent cations, including Fe++, Cu++, Ca++, and Mg++.

PI-166 is a small organic compound with specific avidity to liver cancer cells. It has demonstrated the ability to reduce the growth of rat hepatomas, which is like human hepatomas, are resistant to established anti-cancer agents.

Picosulfuric acid is found in laxative products. Sodium picosulfate is a used to treat constipation or induce colon cleansing to prepare the large bowels before colonoscopy or surgery. The combination product containing sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrat…

Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy affecting men in North America[A235344] - despite this, an ongoing challenge in prostate cancer therapy is the difficulty in imaging the extent and location of tumor metastases and recurrences.[L3431…

Pimagedine has been developed by Synvista Therapeutics, Inc for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease. It is an advanced glycation end product inhibitor which manages diabetic nephropathy, either alone or in combination with other therapies. It is benefici…

Pimicotinib is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05804045 (Study of Pimicotinib (ABSK021) for Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor (MANEUVER)).

Pioglitazone is an antihyperglycemic used as an adjunct to diet, exercise, and other antidiabetic medications to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L11416,L11419,L11422,L11425] It is administered as a racemic mixture, though there is no pharmacologic difference…

An antineoplastic agent that acts by alkylation.

Pipotiazine has actions similar to those of other phenothiazines. Among the different phenothiazine derivatives, it appears to be less sedating and to have a weak propensity for causing hypotension or potentiating the effects of CNS depressants and anesthetic…

Pipradrol (Meratran) [L2523] was initially developed in the 1950s as an antidepressant, however, the adverse effects associated with its use and its abuse potential led to its withdrawal and international regulation [L2524]. Pipradrol was made illegal in man…

Piracetam is a nootropic drug in the racetams group, with chemical name 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide. It shares the same 2-oxo-pyrrolidone base structure with pyroglutamic acid and is a cyclic derivative of the neurotransmitter ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Ho…

Pirbuterol is a beta-2 adrenergic bronchodilator. In vitro studies and in vivo pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that pirbuterol has a preferential effect on beta-2 Adrenergic receptors compared with isoproterenol. While it is recognized that beta-2 adr…

Piretanide (INN, trade names Arelix, Eurelix, Tauliz) has been synthesized in 1973 at Hoechst AG (Germany) as a loop diuretic compound by using a then-new method for introducing cyclic amine residues in an aromatic nucleus in the presence of other aromaticall…

This drug is classified as a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A enzyme (also known as a RIMA drug). It was developed and is currently used as an antidepressant in Russia. Its chemical structure is similar to metralindole, and it also shares pharmacol…

Pirtobrutinib is a small molecule and a highly selective non-covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). Its high selectivity has been associated with lower discontinuation rates due to adverse events and a lower incidence of atrial fibrillation.[A2…

Pitolisant is a selective antagonist or inverse agonist of the histamine H3 receptor used to treat type 1 or 2 narcolepsy.[L8063] Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects 1 in 2,000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytime sleep…

Pixantrone is an aza-anthracenedione and DNA intercalator which inhibits topoisomerase II. It is similar in structure to anthracyclines such as mitoxantrone, but exerts fewer toxic effects on cardiac tissue. [2] The lower cardio-toxic effects of pixantrone ma…

Pizotifen belongs to the class of antamines and is related to [cyproheptadine].[A32532] It is a potent serotonin and tryptamine antagonist that has been used for migraine prevention for many years. It exhibits weak anticholinergic, antihistamine, and antikini…