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Halaman 31 / 54Lefamulin is a pleuromutilin antibiotic used for the treatment of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia. A pleuromotilin is a more recently developed type of antibiotic that is derived from the fungus, Pleurotus mutilus.[A183206] Lefamulin is available in in…
Lemborexant is a novel dual orexin receptor antagonist used in the treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance.[L10863] Recent research in the field of sleep disorders has revealed that insomnia is likely driv…
Lemuteporfin, under development by QLT Incorporated, is a benzoporphyrin-derived chlorin-like photosensitizer. It is intended for the treatment of beign prostatic hyperplasia.
HIV/AIDS remains an area of concern despite the introduction of numerous successful therapies, mainly due to the emergence of multidrug resistance and patient difficulty in adhering to treatment regimens.[A244170, A244175] Lenacapavir is a first-in-class caps…
Lenalidomide (previously referred to as CC-5013) is an immunomodulatory drug with potent antineoplastic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties.[A228553] It is a 4-amino-glutamyl analogue of [thalidomide] [A228543] and like thalidomide, lenalidomid…
Lenvatinib is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that inhibits the kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors VEGFR1 (FLT1), VEGFR2 (KDR), and VEGFR3 (FLT4). Lenvatinib also inhibits other RTKs that have been implicated i…
Although leptin is a circulating signal that reduces appetite, in general, obese people have an unusually high circulating concentration of leptin. These people are said to be resistant to the effects of leptin, in much the same way that people with type 2 di…
Leronlimab, or PRO-140, is a human monoclonal antibody developed by CytoDyn.[L12684] It was first described in the literature in 2001.[A3922] This antibody binds to CCR5, which may be useful in treating HIV, cancers, and severely ill COVID-19 patients.[A19284…
Lesinurad is an oral uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout. It reduces serum uric acid concentration through the inhibition of URAT1, an enzyme responsible for reuptake of uric acid from th…
Letrozole, or CGS 20267, is an oral non-steroidal type II aromatase inhibitor first described in the literature in 1990.[A190543,A1559,L11623,L11626] It is a third generation aromatase inhibitor like [exemestane] and [anastrozole], meaning it does not signifi…
Folinic Acid (also known as 5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid or leucovorin) is the 5-formyl derivative of tetrahydrofolic acid, a necessary co-factor in the body. Commercially available leucovorin is composed of a 1:1 racemic mixture of the dextrorotary and levo…
Levacetylmethadol is a narcotic analgesic with a long onset and duration of action. It is used mainly in the treatment of narcotic dependence. Levacetylmethadol was withdrawn from use in the European Union due to its high risk of QT interval prolongation.…
An opioid antagonist with properties similar to those of naloxone; in addition it also possesses some agonist properties. It should be used cautiously; levallorphan reverses severe opioid-induced respiratory depression but may exacerbate respiratory depressio…
Levobupivacaine is an amino-amide local anaesthetic drug belonging to the family of n-alkylsubstituted pipecoloxylidide. It is the S-enantiomer of bupivacaine. Levobupivacaine hydrochloride is commonly marketed by AstraZeneca under the trade name Chirocaine.…
Levocabastine is a selective second-generation H1-receptor antagonist used for allergic conjunctivitis. Levocabastine was discovered at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1979.
Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and the optical S-(-) isomer of racemic [ofloxacin].[A190663] It reportedly carries 8 to 128-fold more activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria compared to R-(+)-ofloxacin[A190663] and remains…
Levoleucovorin is the enantiomerically active form of Folinic Acid (also known as 5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid or leucovorin). Commercially available leucovorin is composed of a 1:1 racemic mixture of the dextrorotary and levorotary isomers, while levoleucov…
Menthol is a covalent organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. Forming clear or white waxy, crystalline substance, menthol is typically solid at room temperature. (-)-Menthol is the naturally-occurring and main form …
Levonadifloxacin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03405064 (Comparative Study of Levonadifloxacin (IV and Oral) With Linezolid (IV and Oral) in Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections (ABSSSI)).
Levothyroxine is a synthetically produced form of thyroxine, a major endogenous hormone secreted by the thyroid gland.[F4633] Also known as L-thyroxine or the brand name product Synthroid, levothyroxine is used primarily to treat hypothyroidism, a condition w…
LFF571 has been used in trials studying the treatment of Moderate Clostridium Difficile Infection.
Ever since its discovery and availability for sale and use in the late 1940s, lidocaine has become an exceptionally commonly used medication [T583]. In particular, lidocaine's principal mode of action in acting as a local anesthetic that numbs the sensations …
Lifileucel is a tumour-derived autologous T cell immunotherapy composed of a suspension of tumour-derived T cells from the patient [L50171] which undergo isolation, ex vivo expansion, and activation[A263341] Lifileucel was granted accelerated approval by the …
Lifitegrast is a FDA approved drug for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome). It is a tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 ( LFA-1) antagonist that was discovered through the rational design p…
Light green SF yellowish is a green triarylmethane dye that is used in the preparation of the staining solution which is widely used as a counterstain. It is used in histological applications and other labratory settings, and usually exists as a disodium salt…
Limaprost (as Limaprost alfadex; CAS number 88852-12-4) is an oral prostaglandin E1 analog. Prostaglandins act on a variety of cells such as vascular smooth muscle cells causing constriction or dilation, on platelets causing aggregation or disaggregation and …
Limonene, (+/-)- is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05525260 (Limonene for Pulmonary Nodule Chemoprevention).
Linagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor developed by Boehringer Ingelheim for the treatment of type II diabetes [L9557]. Linagliptin differs from other DPP-4 inhibitors in that it has a non-linear pharmacokinetic profile, is not primarily eliminated by the renal sys…
An organochlorine insecticide that has been used as a pediculicide and a scabicide. Lindane has been banned in California, United Kingdom, Australia, and many western countries due to concerns about neurotoxicity and adverse effects on the environment. In Can…
Linseed oil is a rich source of ?-Linolenic acid extracted from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant *Linum usitatissimum*. Other fatty acids contained in linseed oil include palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid. Linseed oil is par…
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. IGF-1R inhibitor OSI-906 selectively inhibits IGF-1R, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation …
Lintuzumab actinium Ac-225 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00672165 (Targeted Atomic Nano-Generators (Actinium-225-Labeled Humanized Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody HuM195) in Patients With Advanced Myeloid Malignancies).
Linvoseltamab is an investigational bispecific antibody. It promotes the interaction of B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) on multiple myeloma cells with CD3-expressing T cells.
Liothyronine is a thyroidal hormone T3 which is normally produced by the thyroid gland in a ratio 4:1 when compared with T4: T3. Liothyronine is the active form of thyroxine which is composed in a basic chemical structure by a tyrosine with bound iodine.[T457…
Liotrix is a synthetically derived thyroid hormone replacement preparation. It consists of levothyroxine sodium (thyroxine, T4) and liothyronine sodium (triiodothyronine, T3) in a 4 to 1 ratio by weight. Liotrix was developed when it was believed that serum l…
Lipegfilgrastim, previously known as XM22, is a pegylated, recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) that was synthetized using a highly site-specific glycoPEGylation technology [A32665]. It is used as an alternate to [DB00019] for prophylacti…
Lisocabtagene maraleucel is a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, similar to [brexucabtagene autoleucel] and [axicabtagene ciloleucel].[A228493,L31588] Lisocabtagene maraleucel is a genetically modified autologous T-cell therapy that targets CD19,…
Lithium was used during the 19th century to treat gout. Lithium salts such as lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), lithium citrate, and lithium orotate are mood stabilizers. They are used in the treatment of bipolar disorder, since unlike most other mood altering drug…
Lobeglitazone is an antidiabetic medication from the thiazolidinedione class of drugs. It primarily functions as an insulin sensitizer by binding and activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR) gamma within fat cells. By activating PPAR-gamm…
An alkaloid that has actions similar to nicotine on nicotinic cholinergic receptors but is less potent. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic uses including in respiratory disorders, peripheral vascular disorders, insomnia, and smoking cessation. …
Lodoxamide is a mast-cell stabilizer for topical administration into the eye. Mast-cell stabilizers, first one approved being cromolyn sodium, are used in treatment of ocular hypersensitivity reactions such as vernal conjunctivitis. These conditions often req…
Relapsed and refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) are a therapeutic challenge for patients who have undergone prior systemic therapies with limited success.[A234439] Prognosis is poor and more effective therapies are needed to treat relapsed…
Londamocitinib is under investigation in clinical trial NCT06020014 (Phase 2a Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of AZD4604 in Adult Patients With Moderate-to-severe Asthma Uncontrolled on Medium-high Dose ICS-LABA).
Lopinavir is an antiretroviral protease inhibitor used in combination with other antiretrovirals in the treatment of HIV-1 infection.[L11163] Lopinavir is marketed and administered exclusively in combination with [ritonavir] - this combination, first marketed…
Loracarbef is a carbacephem antibiotic sometimes grouped together with the second-generation cephalosporin antibiotics. It is marketed under the trade name Lorabid.
Loratadine is a second generation antihistamine used to manage symptoms of allergic rhinitis.[A176435] A lack of sedative and CNS adverse effects make loratadine, along with other second generation antihistamines, preferable over their 1st generation counterp…