Pyridoxine is the 4-methanol form of vitamin B6, an important water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in many foods. As its classification as a vitamin implies, Vitamin B6 (and pyridoxine) are essential nutrients required for normal functioning of man…

Queuine is a derivative of [7-Deazaguanine]. Bacteria possess the exclusive ability to synthesize queuine, which is then salvaged and passed on to plants and animals. Quantities of queuine have been found in tomatoes, wheat, coconut water, and milk from human…

An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used …

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder that often extends into adulthood and is characterized by developmentally inappropriate and impaired attention, impulsivity, and motor hyperactivity.[A230698, A23070…

Solriamfetol marketed under the brand name Sunosi by Jazz Pharmaceuticals in the United States is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (DNRI) indicated in treating daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea[FDA Label]…

Synephrine, also referred to as, p-synephrine, is naturally occurring alkaloid. It is present in approved drug products as neo-synephrine, its m-substituted analog. p-synephrine and m-synephrine are known for their longer acting adrenergic effects compared to…

Talopram is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) that is structurally similar to citalopram and melitracen. It was researched in the 1960s and 1970s but never marketed.

Talsupram is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI). It was under research for the treatment of depression in 1960 and 1970 but it was never marketed. Talsupram presents a similar structure to [citalopram].

Tapentadol is a centrally-acting synthetic analgesic with a dual mechanism of action. It is a mu-opioid receptor agonist that also inhibits norepinephrine reuptake.[A260721, A36596] Tapentadol was first approved by the FDA on November 20, 2008. The extende…

Tramadol is a centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic and SNRI (serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake-inhibitor) that is structurally related to [codeine] and [morphine]. Due to its good tolerability profile and multimodal mechanism of action, tramadol is gen…

Trazodone is triazolopyridine derivative from the serotonin receptor antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs) class of antidepressants.[A181180] It is used in adults and has been shown to be comparable in efficacy to other drugs such as tricyclic antidepre…

Venlafaxine is an antidepressant and a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Its active metabolite, [desvenlafaxine], works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, which are key neurotransmitters in mood regulation. Venlafa…

Viloxazine is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.[L41685] For decades, an immediate-release formulation of viloxazine has been used in Europe as an antidepressant. It was first approved in the UK in 1974; however, the immediate-release formulation …

XEN-2174 is a synthetic drug modeled on a peptide from the venom of a cone shell found on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. XEN-2174 represents a new class of molecules, called the chi conopeptides that selectively inhibit the Norepinephrine Transporter (NET). …