Ginseng is promoted as an adaptogen (a product that increases the body's resistance to stress), one which can to a certain extent be supported with reference to its anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties. Ginseng is also known to contain phytoestrogens.

Ginsenosides are a class of steroid glycosides, and triterpene saponins, found exclusively in the plant genus Panax (ginseng). Ginsenosides have been the target of research, as they are viewed as the active compounds behind the claims of ginseng's efficacy. B…

A synthetic estrogen that has been used as a hormonal antineoplastic agent.

Isoflavone is a soy phytoestrogen and a biologically active component of several agriculturally important legumes such as soy, peanut, green peas, chick peas and alfalfa [A33103]. Soybean is an exceptionally rich source of dietary isoflavones, where the avera…

Lasofoxifene is a non-steroidal 3rd generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that selectively binds to both ER? and ER? with high affinity. It is a naphthalene derivative marketed for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and for the treatme…

Levonorgestrel (LNG) is a synthetic progestogen similar to [Progesterone] used in contraception and hormone therapy.[A181988,T659] Also known as Plan B, it is used as a single agent in emergency contraception, and as a hormonal contraceptive released from an …

Linzagolix is a non-peptide, selective antagonist of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor. It has been studied for the treatment of estrogen-dependent conditions such as uterine fibroids and endometriosis.[A253642,A253647] It is similar to other…

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Mesterolone is a synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) and derivative of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It is inactivated by 3?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in skeleta muscules so it is considered a weak androgen. It is not a substrate for aromatase so it i…

The 3-methyl ether of ethinyl estradiol. It must be demethylated to be biologically active. It is used as the estrogen component of many combination ORAL contraceptives.

MF101 is a novel estrogen receptor beta (ER?) selective agonist and unlike currently available hormone therapies, does not activate the estrogen receptor alpha (ER?), known to be implicated in tumor formation. MF101 is an oral drug designed for the treatment …

Mito-4509 is a non-feminizing estrogen analog that could affect mitochondrial metabolic pathways. It is used to treat Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Retinal Disorders and other neurologic Disorders.

MPI-674 is an aromatase inhibitor (AI) with a well-established, multi-year chronic safety and tolerability profile. AIs are a class of drugs that reduce the amount of estrogen circulating in the body by binding to and inhibiting the enzyme aromatase, which i…

Nilutamide is an antineoplastic hormonal agent primarily used in the treatment of prostate cancer. Nilutamide is a pure, nonsteroidal anti-androgen with affinity for androgen receptors (but not for progestogen, estrogen, or glucocorticoid receptors). Conseque…

Norethisterone, also known as norethindrone, is a synthetic progestational hormone belonging to the 19-nortestosterone-derived class of progestins.[A10367] It is further classified as a second-generation progestin, along with [levonorgestrel] and its derivati…

NP-50301 is an ophthalmic therapeutic eye drop treating post-menopausal Dry Eye Syndrome (DES). It is being developed by Nascent Pharmaceuticals. It is estimated that about 30% of postmenopausal women suffer symptoms of DES, which accounts for over 12 million…

Ormeloxifene is a third-generation selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator. In India, ormeloxifene has been marketed since the 1990s as a non-hormonal, non-steroidal oral contraceptive taken once a week,[A251450] and it was later introduced for the treatme…

Ospemifene is a new selective non-hormonal estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that is used for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia, a symptom of vulvar and vaginal atrophy, due to menopause. FDA approved on February 26, 2013.

Phenolsulfonphthalein or otherwise called phenol red is a pH indicator commonly used in cell biology laboratories. Phenolsulfonphthalein is being investigated for use clinically due to its weak estrogen mimicking actions [A174964].

ER modulator, ERA-923(Pipendoxifene) is a estrogen receptor modulator being evaluated for the treatment of breast cancer. Pipendoxifene is a new 2-phenyl indole selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM )that exhibits an excellent preclinical pharmacologic…

Prinaberel is an estrogen receptor beta agonist.

Promestriene (3-propyl ethyl, 17B-methyl estradiol) has been used in trials studying the prevention of Hypospadias. It is a synthetic estrogen analog, which is used in topical estrogen therapy. Promestriene’s potential for treating vaginal atrophy symptoms as…

Pyrithione zinc, or zinc pyrithione or zinc pyridinethione, is a coordination complex consisted of pyrithione ligands chelated to zinc (2+) ions via oxygen and sulfur centers. In the crystalline state, it exists as a centrosymmetric dimer. Due to its dynamic …

Raloxifene is a second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that mediates anti-estrogenic effects on breast and uterine tissues, and estrogenic effects on bone, lipid metabolism, and blood coagulation.[A4979,T28] Exhibiting tissue-specific …

Silibinin is the major active constituent of silymarin, a standardized extract of the milk thistle seeds, containing a mixture of flavonolignans consisting of silibinin, isosilibinin, silicristin, silidianin and others. Silibinin is presented as a mixture of …

Synthetic conjugated estrogens A are composed of a blend of the following nine synthetic estrogenic substances: estrone sulfate, sodium equilin sulfate, sodium 17?-dihydroequilin sulfate, sodium 17?-estradiol sulfate, sodium 17?­ dihydroequilin sulfate, sodiu…

Synthetic conjugated estrogens, B tablets contain a blend of ten synthetic estrogenic substances. The estrogenic substances are: sodium estrone sulfate, sodium equilin sulfate, sodium 17?-dihydroequilin sulfate, sodium 17?-estradiol sulfate, sodium 17?­ dihyd…

Tamoxifen is a non-steroidal antiestrogen used to treat estrogen receptor positive breast cancers as well as prevent the incidence of breast cancer in high risk populations.[A1025,L7799,L7802] Tamoxifen is used alone or as an adjuvant in these treatments.[L77…

Tibolone is a synthetic steroid hormone drug, which is mainly non-selective in its binding profile, acting as an agonist primarily at estrogen receptors (ER), with a preference for ER alpha [L1874]. Tibolone (Livial, Org OD 14), produced by Organon (West O…

Toremifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and a nonsteroidal antiestrogen used to treat estrogen receptor positive breast cancer.[A256923] Like [tamoxifen], toremifene is part of the first-generation triphenylethylene derivative chemical cl…

Vepdegestrant is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05909397 (A Study of ARV-471 (PF-07850327) Plus Palbociclib Versus Letrozole Plus Palbociclib in Participants With Estrogen Receptor Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Negative Advanced Breast Can…

Zeranol is a non-steroidal estrogen agonist. It is a mycotoxin, derived from fungi in the Fusarium family, and may be found as a contaminant in fungus-infected crops. It is 3-4x more potent as an estrogen agonist than the related compound zearalenone.