Hasil Pencarian (132)
Halaman 2 / 3Cilnidipine is a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist. It was jointly developed by Fuji Viscera Pharmaceutical Company, Japan and Ajinomoto, Japan and approved in 1995. Compared with other calcium antagonists, cilnidipine can act on the N-type calcium channel t…
Cilostazol is a quinolinone derivative and antiplatelet agent with vasodilating properties that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral ischaemia. It is marketed under the brand name Pletal by Otsuka…
First synthesized by Janssen Pharmaceuticals in 1955, cinnarizine is an anti-histaminic drug mainly used for the control of vestibular disorders and motion sickness. Cinnarizine is a specific calcium channel blocker that primarily works on the central vestibu…
A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium-chelating ability. Citric acid is one of the active ingredients in Phexxi, a non-hormona…
Clevidipine is a dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker that is selective for vascular smooth muscle and is indicated for blood pressure reduction when oral therapy is not an option.
A cyanide compound which has been used as a fertilizer, defoliant and in many manufacturing processes. It often occurs as the calcium salt, sometimes also referred to as cyanamide. The citrated calcium salt is used in the treatment of alcoholism. [PubChem]
As a diuretic, cyclothiazide inhibits active chloride reabsorption at the early distal tubule via the Na-Cl cotransporter, resulting in an increase in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and water. Thiazides like cyclothiazide also inhibit sodium ion transport…
Darodipine is a calcium channel blocker.
Diltiazem is a benzothiazepine derivative with antihypertensive and vasodilating properties. Approved in 1982 by the FDA, it is a member of the non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers drug class. It works through various mechanisms of action, but it prim…
Doxofylline is a methylxanthine derivative with the presence of a dioxolane group in position 7. As a drug used in the treatment of asthma, doxofylline has shown similar efficacy to theophylline but with significantly fewer side effects in animal and human st…
Dronedarone is a Class III antiarrhythmic drug that works to restore the normal sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is a common sustained arrhythmia where the treatment primarily focuses on stroke pr…
Edetate calcium disodium is a metal ion chelator used to reduce blood concentrations and depot stores of lead from the body.[L12774] It is on the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines.[A204173] Edetate calcium disodium was granted FDA…
Efonidipine is a calcium channel blocker of the _dihydropyridine class_, commercialized by Shionogi & Co. (Japan). Initially, it was marketed in 1995 under the trade name, _Landel_. The drug has been shown to block T-type in addition to L-type calcium channel…
Felodipine is a long-acting 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB)b. It acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells by stabilizing voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in their inactive conformation. By inhibiting the influx of calcium in smoot…
Fendiline is a coronary vasodilator which inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling. It has been proposed as an antiarrhythmic and antianginal agent. Fendiline is non-selective.
Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an …
Fosfomycin was discovered in 1969 by scientists at the Spanish Penicillin and Antibiotics Company and is produced by _Streptomyces fradiae_.[A229338,A230348] It may also be produced synthetically and is commercially available as the disodium salt for intraven…
Glyburide is a second generation sulfonylurea used to treat patients with diabetes mellitus type II.[L8123] It is typically given to patients who cannot be managed with the standard first line therapy, [metformin].[L8123] Glyburide stimulates insulin secretio…
Glycodiazine is used with diet to lower blood glucose by increasing the secretion of insulin from pancreas and increasing the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin. The mechanism of action of glycodiazine in lowering blood glucose appears to be depende…
An inhibitor of calcium-dependent isoforms of protein kinase C.[A253002,A253007]
Calcitonin was first discovered in isolated parathyroid tissue as a substance with a serum-calcium-lowering effect.[A32099] It is constituted as a 32-amino acid single chain polypeptide structure that gets secreted as a regulatory agent in calcium-phosphorus …
Human thrombin is a sterile solution, pH 6.8-7.2, containing highly purified human thrombin for the activation of clotting. Thrombin is a highly specific serine protease encoded by the F2 gene that transforms soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin. This tra…
BRX-235 (iroxanadine) is a a novel small molecule synthesized by Biorex, Hungary that acts as a cardioprotective agent. It induces phosphorylation of p38 SAPK, which plays an important role in EC homeostasis. endothelial cell (EC). EC function plays a central…
Isradipine belongs to the dihydropyridine (DHP) class of calcium channel blockers (CCBs), the most widely used class of CCBs. It is structurally related to felodipine, nifedipine, and nimodipine and is the most potent calcium-channel blocking agent of the DHP…
Ivabradine is a novel heart rate lowering medicine for the symptomatic management of stable angina pectoralis and symptomatic chronic heart failure. Ivabradine, brand name Corlanor, was approved by the FDA in April 2015 for the treatment of chronic heart fai…
Lacidipine is a lipophilic dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with an intrinsically slow onset of activity. Due to its long duration of action, lacidipine does not lead to reflex tachycardia [A31536]. It displays specificity in the vascular smooth muscle, whe…
Lercanidipine is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. It is sold under various commercial names including Zanidip.
Levamlodipine, also known as S-amlodipine, is a pharmacologically active enantiomer of [amlodipine], an antihypertensive medication.[L10833] Levamlodipine belongs to the dihydropyridine group of calcium channel blockers.[L10833] This medication was first mark…
Levomefolic acid (INN) is the metabolite of folic acid (Vitamin B9) and it is a predominant active form of folate found in foods and in the blood circulation, accounting for 98% of folates in human plasma [A19276]. It is transported across the membranes inclu…
Levosimendan increases calcium sensitivity to myocytes by binding to troponin C in a calcium dependent manner. This increases contractility without raising calcium levels. It also relaxes vascular smooth muscle by opening adenosine triphosphate sensitive pota…
Lomerizine is a diphenylmethylpiperazine calcium channel blocker[A245378, A245383] with relatively selective central nervous system (CNS) effects.[A245383] This drug is used to prophylactically treat migraines[A245368, A245373] and is also being investigated…
Lumasiran is a small interfering RNA used in the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1).[L23554] This condition, caused by a deficiency in the enzyme alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, leads to an accumulation of oxalate, causing calcium crystal fo…
Manidipine (INN) is a calcium channel blocker (dihydropyridine type) that is used clinically as an antihypertensive. It is selective for vasculature and does not produce effects on the heart at clinically relevant dosages.
MD05 is a beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) coated with recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5).
MEM 10003 was under investigation in clinical trial NCT00257673 (Safety and Efficacy of MEM 1003 Versus Placebo in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease) for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
Moxonidine is a new-generation centrally acting antihypertensive drug approved for the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. It is suggested to be effective in cases where other agents such as thiazides, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calc…
Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.
Nedosiran is an RNA interference targeting hepatic lactate dehydrogenase, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of glyoxylate to oxalate.[A261690] Oxalate, particularly calcium oxalate, precipitation is the main cause of kidney stones formation; therefore…
A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma an…
Nifedipine, or BAY a 1040, is a first generation dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker, similar to [nicardipine].[A190210,A190273,A175390,L11383] Nifedipine was developed by Bayer and first described in the literature, along with other dihydropyridin…
Niguldipine is a calcium channel blocker drug (CCB) with a1-adrenergic antagonist properties.
Niludipine is a calcium channel blocker.
Nilvadipine is a calcium channel blocker (CCB) for the treatment of hypertension.
Nimodipine is a 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells by stabilizing voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in their inactive conformation. By inhibiting the influx of calcium in smooth muscle cells, nim…
Nisoldipine is a 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells by stabilizing voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in their inactive conformation. By inhibiting the influx of calcium in smooth muscle cells, ni…
Nitrendipine is a calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than so…
Sulfur is a chemical element that is present in all living tissues. The most commonly used form of pharmaceutical sulfur is Octasulfur (S8). After calcium and phosphorus, it is the third most abundant mineral in the human body. Sulfur is also found in garlic,…
Olodaterol is a novel, long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) that exerts its pharmacological effect by binding and activating beta2-adrenergic receptors located primarily in the lungs. Beta2-adrenergic receptors are membrane-bound receptors that are nor…