Formestane was the first selective, type I, steroidal aromatase inhibitor used in the treatment of estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Formestane suppresses estrogen production from anabolic steroids or prohormones. Formestane i…

Formoterol is an inhaled beta₂-agonist used in the management of COPD and asthma that was first approved for use in the United States in 2001.[L10986] It acts on bronchial smooth muscle to dilate and relax airways, and is administered as a racemic …

Fosclevudine alafenamide is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05238844 (A Study of Safety and Efficacy of ATI-2173 and Vebicorvir in Combination With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Subjects With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection).

Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD) is an exceptionally rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting in a deficiency of three molybdenum-dependent enzymes: sulfite oxidase (SOX), xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase.[A230088] Signs and symptoms begin…

Fosigotifator is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05757141 (An Open-label Exploratory Study of ABBV-CLS-7262 Subjects With Vanishing White Matter Disease).

Fosinopril is a phosphinic acid-containing ester prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly hydrolyzed to fosinoprilat, its principle active metabolite. Fosinoprilat inhibits ACE, the enzyme r…

In April 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Swiss company Helsinn approved the intravenous formulation of AKYNZEO® (NEPA, a fixed antiemetic combination of fosnetupitant, 235mg, and palonosetron, 0.25mg) as an alternative treatment opti…

Fospropofol is a water soluble prodrug and is converted to propofol in the liver. Fospropofol is a short acting hypnotic/sedative/anesthetic agent. Unlike propofol, does not cause injection-site pain as it is unable to activate TRPA1. FDA approved in December…

Fostemsavir is the phosphonooxymethyl prodrug of temsavir, a novel HIV-1 attachment inhibitor.[L14867] It binds to and inhibits the activity of gp120, a subunit within the HIV-1 gp160 envelope glycoprotein that facilitates the attachment of HIV-1 to host cell…

FP1096 reduced the painful symptoms of endometriosis in trial subjects with very minimal side effect.

Freneslerbart is under investigation in clinical trial NCT04981717 (A Study to Examine the Efficacy and Safety of Anti-fel D 1 Antibodies Injections in Cat-allergic Adolescent and Adult Patients With Allergic Rhinitis Who Live With a Cat).

Glymera is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01658501 (Phase 2b Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo- and Active-controlled, Parallel-group Study to Assess the PD Response and Safety of Three Dose Levels of (PB1023) Injection Following 20 Wee…

Fruquintinib is a novel small-molecule anti-VEGFR that targets VEGFR-1,-2, and -3 to inhibit angiogenesis. Tumor angiogenesis is one of the most critical biological processes for increasing oxygen and nutrient supply to cancer cells, and the VEGF/VEGFR pathwa…

FS-1502 is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of an anti-HER2 antibody, linker, and Monomethylauristatin F.

Fulranumab has been used in trials studying the treatment of Pain, Cystitis, Neuralgia, Joint Pain, and Arthralgia, among others.

An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis. It is often used topically in creams and eyedrops but is available in systemic formulations inc…

Futibatinib is an inhibitor of Fibroblast Growth Factor receptor (FGFR), which comprises a group of receptor tyrosine kinases that play a key role in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival. FGFR was investigated in oncology as a therapeu…

Futuximab is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01955473 (Japanese Phase 1 Trial of Sym004 in Solid Tumors).

FX06 is a naturally occurring peptide derived from the neo-N-terminus of fibrin (Bbeta(15-42)). It prevents leukocyte migration through the gap junctions of endothelial cells. FX06 has proven safe in acute and subchronic toxicological studies and recently ent…

G4544 is an oral gallium compound that enables oral absorption of the active ingredient contained in Ganite™ (gallium nitrate injection). It targets bone tissue and is actively incorporated into bone mineral at sites where bone is metabolically active.

Gabexate is a synthetic serine protease inhibitor which has been used as an anticoagulant. It also known to decrease production of inflammatory cytokines. Gabexate has been investigated for use in cancer, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and pancreatitis.[A19218,…

Gadobutrol is a second-generation extracellular non-ionic macrocyclic GBCA (gadolinium-based contrast agent) used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adults and children older than 2 years of age. Due to its physicochemical properties, gadobutrol is formu…

Gadolinium is under investigation in Hypertension, ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY, and Chronic Kidney Disease. Gadolinium has been investigated for the basic science of CAD, Multiple Sclerosis, and Coronary Artery Disease.

Gadoxetic acid (gadoxetate) is a paramagnetic gadolinium-containing ionic linear contrast agent in which its salt form, gadoxetate disodium, is used for intravenous injection. Ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid is the moiety that chelates with a …

GALE-301 is an investigational cancer immunotherapy. It is made up of E39, an immunogenic peptide derived from the folate binding protein (FBP), and an immune adjuvant, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF).[A254696,L44166,L44171]

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Gallium nitrate is a nitrate salt of [DB14524], a heavy metal that has been used as a diagnostic agent.[A260816] Gallium nitrate is reported to possess antiresorptive and hypocalcemic effects on bone.[A17097] GANITE, a product of gallium nitrate previously us…

Gam-COVID-Vac was created by Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and MIcrobiology in Russia. The vaccine candidate is a heterologous COVID-19 vaccine containing two components, recombinant adenovirus type 26 (rAd26) vector and recombinant adenovirus t…

Gamma hydroxybutyric acid, commonly abbreviated GHB, is a therapeutic drug which is illegal in multiple countries. It is currently regulated in the US and sold by Jazz Pharmaceuticals under the name Xyrem. However, it is important to note that GHB is a design…

Ganaxolone is the 3?-methylated synthetic analog of [allopregnanolone],[L41130] a metabolite of [progesterone].[A3197] Ganaxolone belongs to a class of compounds referred to as neurosteroids.[A3197] Endogenous neurosteroids, which comprise certain metabolites…

Gandotinib has been used in trials studying the treatment of Myelofibrosis, Polycythemia Vera, Primary Myelofibrosis, Thrombocythemia, Essential, and Myeloproliferative Disorders, among others.

Ganirelix is a synthetic decapeptide and a competitive gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist. Derived from endogenous GnRH, ganirelix has amino acid substitutions. Ganirelix is indicated for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in assisted reproduct…

Garadacimab is under investigation in clinical trial NCT04281524 (A Clinical Study to Test the Efficacy and Safety of CSL312 on Catheter-associated Blood Clot Formation in Subjects With Cancer Who Receive Chemotherapy Through a PICC Line).

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of episodic, progressive heterotropic ossification. FOP is characterized by episodic inflammatory episodes, which may be precipitated by trauma, including immunizations and mino…

Gavorestat is under investigation in clinical trial NCT04902781 (Clinical Benefit, Safety, PK and PD Study of AT-007 in Pediatric Subjects With Classic Galactosemia).

GB-115 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05586789 (A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Ranquilon Tablets in Patients With Anxiety in Neurasthenia and Adjustment Disorders).

It has been estimated that 5-10% of adults globally suffer from chronic cough, which is defined as a cough lasting longer than eight weeks.[L48601] A subset of these patients remain symptomatic despite thorough investigation and treatment, termed refractory c…

Gelatin is a multifunctional ingredient that is used in foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and photographic films as a gelling agent, stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, as well as film former.[A32432] As a thermoreversible hydrocolloid with a small gap bet…

Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analog and a chemotherapeutic agent. It was originally investigated for its antiviral effects, but it is now used as an anticancer therapy for various cancers.[A233135] Gemcitabine is a cytidine analog with two fluorine atoms repla…

Gemeprost is a prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) analog and antiprogestogen used for preoperative dilation of the cervix before surgical abortion. It is available as vaginal suppositories and also used in combination with the antiprogestin and mifepristone for terminat…

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is a recombinant humanized IgG4 kappa antibody which is conjugated with calicheamicin derivative, a cytotoxic antitumor antibiotic isolated from fermentation of Micromonospora echinospora ssp. calichensis. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin has appro…

Genipin is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05755750 (Intratendinous Genipin Injection in Horses With Tendon Injuries).

Gepirone, an azapirone, is a pharmacologic analog of [buspirone] that acts selectively on the pre- and post-synaptic 5HT_1A receptors. Although earlier clinical trials showed promising results for gepirone, its formulation as an immediate-release ta…

GFT14 is a new class of medicaction for treatment of cardiometabolic disease. GFT14 aims to target mixed dyslipidemia of type IIb (high levels of triglycerides and LDL-C) as one of the major indications of cardiometabolic disease. GFT14 is destined to improv…

GI-101 is a bi-specific fragment crystallizable region (Fc) fusion protein containing a cluster of differentiation 80 ectodomain as an N-terminal moiety and interleukin-2 variant as a C-terminal moiety conjugated with human immunoglobulin G4 Fc.

Gibberella fujikuroi allergenic extract is used in allergenic testing.

Gimeracil is an adjunct to antineoplastic therapy, used to increase the concentration and effect of the main active componets within chemotherapy regimens. Approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in March 2011, Gimeracil is available in combination wi…

Gimsilumab is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01357759 (Safety and Tolerability of MORAb-022 in Healthy and Rheumatoid Arthritis Subjects).

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Ginseng is promoted as an adaptogen (a product that increases the body's resistance to stress), one which can to a certain extent be supported with reference to its anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties. Ginseng is also known to contain phytoestrogens.