Fenproporex is an orally active stimulant drug, which was developed in the 1960s. It is used as an appetite suppressant and a treatment for obesity. It is listed as an illicit substance in many countries due to addiction issues and listed as a prohibited subs…

Fenspiride is an oxazolidinone spiro compound used as a drug in the treatment of certain respiratory diseases. It is approved for use in Russia for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of ENT organs and the respiratory tract (like rhinopha…

Fentanyl, a potent opioid agonist, was developed in the 1950s to fill a need for strong and rapid analgesia.[A179542] Because of these characteristics, fentanyl is commonly used to treat chronic cancer pain or in anesthesia.[Label,L6598,L6601,L6604,L6607,L922…

Fenthion is an _organothiophosphate_ drug used as an insecticide, avicide, and acaricide. Its mode of action is explained by cholinesterase enzyme inhibition, which is similar to other organophosphates. Fenthion is listed as a restricted use compound by the U…

Iron deficiency is an extremely common condition and is the most frequent cause of anemia worldwide. Iron deficiency results when iron intake, iron stores, and loss of iron from the body do not adequately support production of erythrocytes, also known as red …

Ferric pyrophosphate citrate is a soluble iron replacement product. Free iron presents several side effects as it can catalyze free radical formation and lipid peroxidation as well as the presence of interactions of iron in plasma. The ferric ion is strongly …

Fesoterodine is an antimuscarinic prodrug for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome.

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT, also colloquially referred to as sleeping sickness), caused by _T. brucei gambiense_ and _T. brucei rhodesiense_, remains a moderate risk (>1/10,000 inhabitants per year in endemic areas) despite focussed control efforts. T…

Fidaxomicin is a novel macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of diarrhea caused by _Clostridioides_ (formerly _Clostridium_) _difficile_ in adult and pediatric patients over the age of 6 months.[L11575] Fidaxomicin is a naturally-occurring 18-member macr…

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune, systemic, and inflammatory disease that causes synovial joint symptoms and can limit range of motion in severe cases.[A221451,A221456] The disease is associated with extra-articular manifestations, progressi…

Filgrastim is a short-acting recombinant, non-pegylated human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) analog produced by recombinant DNA technology. It has an amino acid sequence identical to endogenous G-CSF, but it is non-glycosylated unlike the endog…

Fimasartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) drug employed in the treatment of both hypertension and heart failure. It has been found to be safe when administered with hydrochlorothiazide (a diuretic) in clinical trials. Fimasartan was initially …

Finasteride is a synthetic 4-azasteroid compound [L10565] and specific inhibitor of steroid Type II 5?-reductase, which is an intracellular enzyme that converts the androgen testosterone into 5?-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It works in a similar fashion as [dut…

Firocoxib is a cycooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It currently approved for veterinary use in dogs and horses under the brand names Equioxx and Previcox. Firocoxib was the first COX-2 inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food an…

Fitusiran is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02554773 (An Open-label Extension Study of an Investigational Drug, ALN-AT3SC, in Patients With Moderate or Severe Hemophilia A or B).

A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity a…

Flibanserin is the first drug to be approved for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women by the FDA in August 2015. It was originally developed as an antidepressant medication by Boehringer Ingelheim, but showed lack of efficacy in tri…

Flosequinan was approved in the USA and the UK for a year prior to being withdrawn from the market due to increased mortality in chronic heart failure patients, found in drug trials.[A174979,L43942]

Fluconazole, commonly known as _Diflucan_, is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of both systemic and superficial fungal infections in a variety of tissues. It was initially approved by the FDA in 1990. This drug is an _azole_ antifungal, in the same …

Fludiazepam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. It is a scheduled drug in the U.S., but is approved for use in Japan.

Flumequine is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class used to treat bacterial infections.

Flunitrazepam is a benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of diazepam that can cause anterograde amnesia. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Gov…

Flunixin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for use in pigs, cattle and horses. It exerts analgesic and antipyretic effects. This drug is often prepared for use in meglumine salt form. Flunixin is regulated in the United States by the Food and Drug …

A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium, such as the aqueous humor, and is used therapeutically as a diagnostic aid in corneal injuries and corneal trauma. It has been approved by FDA f…

Flupentixol is an antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene group. It exists in two geometric isomers, the trans(E) and pharmacologically active cis(Z) forms. Flupentixol decanoate is one of the active ingredients found in injectable drug formulations: it is pro…

Flurpiridaz F-18 is a radioactive diagnostic drug indicated for positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), which is an imaging process used in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).[A264519] Flurpiridaz F-1…

Fluticasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid available as 2 esters, [DB08906] and [DB00588][F4355,F4358,F4361,F4364][FDA Label]. These drugs are available as inhalers, nasal, sprays, and topical treatments for various inflammatory indications[F4355,F4358,F4361,F…

Fluticasone propionate is a synthetic glucocorticoid[F4355,F4358][FDA Label]. These drugs are available as inhalers, nasal, sprays, and topical treatments for various inflammatory indications[F4355,F4358][FDA Label]. Fluticasone propionate was first approved …

Fluvoxamine is an antidepressant which functions pharmacologically as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Though it is in the same class as other SSRI drugs, it is most often used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder. Fluvoxamine has been in use in c…

FM-VP4, is a novel hydrophilic phytostanol analogue representing a new class in cholesterol-lowering drugs called cholesterol absorption inhibitors. FM-VP4 has been shown to inhibit cholesterol absorption and to lower plasma LDL-cholesterol and total choleste…

Folic acid, also known as folate or Vitamin B9, is a member of the B vitamin family and an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in DNA and RNA synthesis. More specifically, folic acid is required by the body for the synthesis of purines, pyrimidines, and m…

Fomivirsen is a antisense 21 mer phosphorothioate oligonucleotide. It is an antiviral agent that was used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV) in immunocompromised patients, including those with AIDS. As a complementary nucleotide to the messen…

Fontolizumab (marketed under the trade name HuZAF™) is a humanized monoclonal antibody which is used as an immunosuppressive drug to treat Crohn's disease.

Foreskin fibroblast-like stromal cells (FDSCs) are progenitors isolated from human tissue that can differentiate into various cell types [A32660]. Also known as Dermagraft, this device is a cryopreserved human fibroblast-derived dermal substitute. Composed…

Skin, the largest organ of the human body, plays the main role in protecting the body from mechanical damage. It is composed of epidermal, dermal and hypodermal layers. The barrier function of the skin owed to its avascular epidermal layer, which is made main…

Formebolone, a derivative of androstane, is an anabolic androgenic steroid. It is on the list of substances prohibited by the Word Anti-Doping Agency, and is regularly screened for in athletes.[A14416] It is also classified by the US Drug Enforcement Administ…

Forsythia suspensa fruit is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug.

Fosamprenavir is a prodrug of amprenavir, an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease.

Fosaprepitant is an intravenously administered antiemetic drug. It is a prodrug of Aprepitant. It aids in the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy treatment.

Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD) is an exceptionally rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting in a deficiency of three molybdenum-dependent enzymes: sulfite oxidase (SOX), xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase.[A230088] Signs and symptoms begin…

Fosinopril is a phosphinic acid-containing ester prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly hydrolyzed to fosinoprilat, its principle active metabolite. Fosinoprilat inhibits ACE, the enzyme r…

Fosinoprilat is the active phosphinic acid metabolite of prodrug [fosinopril], which is activated by esterases in vivo. It binds zinc with phosphinic acid group.

In April 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Swiss company Helsinn approved the intravenous formulation of AKYNZEO® (NEPA, a fixed antiemetic combination of fosnetupitant, 235mg, and palonosetron, 0.25mg) as an alternative treatment opti…

Fosphenytoin is a water-soluble phenytoin prodrug used only in hospitals for the treatment of epileptic seizures. It works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures. Its main mechanism is to block frequency-dependent, use-dependent and voltage…

Fospropofol is a water soluble prodrug and is converted to propofol in the liver. Fospropofol is a short acting hypnotic/sedative/anesthetic agent. Unlike propofol, does not cause injection-site pain as it is unable to activate TRPA1. FDA approved in December…

Fostamatinib has been investigated for the treatment and basic science of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP). It was approved on April 17, 2018, under the trade name Tavalisse for use in ITP [L2644, FDA Label]. Fostamatinib has als…

Fostemsavir is the phosphonooxymethyl prodrug of temsavir, a novel HIV-1 attachment inhibitor.[L14867] It binds to and inhibits the activity of gp120, a subunit within the HIV-1 gp160 envelope glycoprotein that facilitates the attachment of HIV-1 to host cell…

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Frovatriptan is a triptan drug developed by Vernalis for the treatment of migraine headaches, in particular those associated with menstruation. Frovatriptan causes vasoconstriction of arteries and veins that supply blood to the head.

FS-1502 is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of an anti-HER2 antibody, linker, and Monomethylauristatin F.