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Halaman 104 / 134Potassium bitartate, also referred to as potassium acid tartrate or cream of tartar, is the potassium acid salt of l-( + )-tartaric acid. It is obtained as a byproduct of wine manufacture during the fermentation process. Approved by the FDA as a direct food s…
Potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is a white salt, soluble in water (insoluble in ethanol) which forms a strongly alkaline solution. It can be made as the product of potassium hydroxide's absorbent reaction with carbon dioxide. It presents a large capacity to absor…
Potassium is the major cation (positive ion) inside animal cells, while sodium is the major cation outside animal cells. The concentration differences of these charged particles causes a difference in electric potential between the inside and outside of cells…
Potassium citrate (also known as tripotassium citrate) is a potassium salt of citric acid. It is a white, hygroscopic crystalline powder. It is odorless with a saline taste. It contains 38.3% potassium by mass. In the monohydrate form it is highly hygroscopic…
Potassium gluconate is a salt of [DB01345] and is classified as a food additive by the FDA [L2654]. It is also used as a potassium supplement [L2657]. Potassium is an essential nutrient. It is the most abundant cation in the intracellular fluid, where it …
Potassium hydroxide, also known as _lye_ is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula _KOH_. Also commonly referred to as _caustic potash_, it is a potent base that is marketed in several forms including pellets, flakes, and powders. It is used in vari…
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Saturated solution of Potassium Iodide (SSKI) is used pharmaceutically for emergency use in patients experiencing acute symptoms of severe hyperthyroidism (also known as thyroid storm or thyrotoxic crisis). SSKI can also be used for radioiodine-contamination …
Potassium nitrate is an inorganic salt with a chemical formula of KNO3. It is a natural source of nitrate and has been used as a constituent for several different purposes, including food preservatives, fertilizers, tree stump removal, rocket propellants, and…
Potassium perchlorate is an inorganic salt with the chemical formula KClO4. It is a strong oxidizer with the lowest solubility of the alkali metal perchlorates. Potassium is most commonly used in flares and automobile airbags [A32609]. The use of potassium pe…
Povetacicept is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05757570 (An Open-label Study of Povetacicept in Subjects With Autoimmune Cytopenias).
Povidone, also known as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyvidone, is a synthetic water-soluble polymer made from the monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone used as a binder in many pharmaceutical tablets and lubricant in eye drops. It is also used in many technical appli…
Povorcitinib is under investigation in clinical trial NCT06113445 (A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Povorcitinib in Participants With Nonsegmental Vitiligo (STOP-V1)).
ABT-089 is a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist that may have therapeutic utility for the treatment of several neurological disorders including Alzheimer, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Schizophrenia/Schizoaffective disorders. In …
CD55-deficient protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), or CHAPLE disease, is an ultra-rare hereditary disease, with fewer than 100 patients diagnosed worldwide or fewer than 10 patients in the US.[L47880] The pathophysiology of this disease is mainly attributed to …
Poziotinib has been used in trials studying the treatment of Breast Cancer, Metastatic Breast Cancer, Increased Drug Resistance, Adenocarcinoma of Lung Stage IV, and Adenocarcinoma of Lung Stage IIIB, among others.
Apan (PPI-1019) is developed by Praecis Pharmaceuticals to treat Alzheimer's Disease.
PPI-2458 represents a potentially new and important addition to the growing list of therapeutics aimed at specific molecular oncology targets. PPI-2458 is a novel, proprietary molecule belonging to the fumagillin class of compounds that specifically targets t…
PR-15 is a novel anti-platelet protein with the potential to treat arterial thrombosis occurring during acute coronary syndromes without the bleeding risk associated with existing agents.
PR006 is a non-replicating recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 containing the progranulin gene. It is being investigated for the treatment of dementia.
PR1 leukemia peptide vaccine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00513578 (Vaccine Therapy and GM-CSF in Treating Patients With Low-Risk or Intermediate-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome).
Pracinostat is a novel HDAC inhibitor with improved in vivo properties compared to other HDAC inhibitors currently in clinical trials, allowing oral dosing. Data demonstrate that Pracinostat is a potent and effective anti-tumor drug with potential as an oral …
Pradefovir mesilate (previously known as MB-06886, Hepavir B and remofovir mesylate) is an orally administered small molecule compound that belongs to a novel series of phosphate and phosphonate prodrugs of adefovir. [Adefovir] (Hepsera) is an acyclic phospho…
Pradofloxacin is a 3rd generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic developed by Bayer HealthCare AG, Animal Health GmBH. It was approved by the European Commission in April 2011 for bacterial infections in dogs and cats.
Pralatrexate is an antifolate for the treatment of relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma [L37674]. Pralatrexate was developed in response due to the inferior responses of patients using the standard therapy for their B-cells counterparts.[A246693]…
Praliciguat is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03254485 (A Study of the Effect of IW-1973 on the Exercise Capacity of Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (Hfpef)).
Pralidoxime is an antidote to organophosphate pesticides and chemicals. Organophosphates bind to the esteratic site of acetylcholinesterase, which results initially in reversible inactivation of the enzyme. If given within 24 hours,after organophosphate expos…
Pralsetinib, similar to the previously approved [selpercatinib], is a kinase inhibitor with enhanced specificity for RET tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) over other RTK classes.[A202055, A219751, L15986] Enhanced RET (Rearranged during transfection) oncogene …
Pralurbactam is under investigation in clinical trial NCT06633718 (Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Meropenem and Pralurbactam in CIAI).
Pramipexole is a drug used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease (PD). It is a _non-ergot dopamine agonist_ drug that is efficacious in treating various Parkinson's symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slow movement) [A176867]. It was …
Pramlintide is a relatively new adjunct treatment for diabetes (both type 1 and 2), developed by Amylin Pharmaceuticals. It is derived from amylin, a hormone that is released into the bloodstream, in a similar pattern as insulin, after a meal. Like insulin, a…
Pramocaine (also known as pramoxine or pramoxine HCI) is a topical anesthetic and antipruritic. It is used for many dermatological and anorectal/anogenital conditions including minor cuts/burns, insect bites, hives/rashes due to poison ivy exposure, hemorrhoi…
Pranlukast is a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 antagonist. It antagonizes or reduces bronchospasm caused, principally in asthmatics, by an allergic reaction to accidentally or inadvertently encountered allergens.
Prasinezumab is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03100149 (A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Prasinezumab (RO7046015/PRX002) in Participants With Early Parkinson's Disease).
Prasterone, also known as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a major C19 steroid produced by the adrenal cortex. It is also produced in small quantities in the testis and the ovary. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to testosterone; androstenedione…
DHEA sulfate is the major steroid of the fetal adrenal. DHEA-S is the principal adrenal androgen and is secreted together with cortisol under the control of ACTH and prolactin. DHEA-S is elevated with hyperprolactinemia.
Prasugrel, a thienopyridine derivative, is a platelet activation and aggregation inhibitor structurally and pharmacologically related to clopidogrel and ticlopidine. Similar to clopidogrel, prasugrel is a prodrug that requires enzymatic transformation in the …
Pravastatin is the 6-alpha-hydroxy acid form of [mevastatin].[T303] Pravastatin was firstly approved in 1991 becoming the second available statin in the United States. It was the first statin administered as the active form and not as a prodrug.[T274] This dr…
Praziquantel is a pyrazino-isoquinolein derivative from the thioxantonic group used as a broad anthelmintic spectrum. Specifically, it is known as a treatment of trematodes and cestodes infections such as schistosomiasis, taeniasis, and cysticercosis.[A263201…
Prazosin is a drug used to treat hypertension. Prazosin is marketed by _Pfizer_ and was initially approved by the FDA in 1988.[L5828] It belongs to the class of drugs known as alpha-1 antagonists. Recently, many studies have evaluated the benefits of thi…
Prednicarbate is a relatively new topical corticosteroid drug that displays a similar potency as [hydrocortisone]. It is used in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. It has a favorable benefit-risk ratio, with an inflammator…
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Pregabalin is structurally similar to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) - an inhibitory neurotransmitter.[A173995] It may be used to manage neuropathic pain, postherpetic neuralgia, and fibromyalgia among other conditions.[A187190] Although as per the FDA Label …
A 21-carbon steroid, derived from cholesterol and found in steroid hormone-producing tissues. Pregnenolone is the precursor to gonadal steroid hormones and the adrenal corticosteroids.